In recent discussions surrounding global governance and international relations, Chinese President Xi Jinping has emerged as a prominent advocate for defending multilateralism. His recent address at the virtual BRICS Summit underscores the central role that multilateral cooperation plays in addressing global challenges while promoting equitable development.
### The Context of Xi’s Address
On September 8, 2025, President Xi participated in the BRICS Summit via video link, alongside leaders from Brazil, Russia, India, South Africa, Egypt, Iran, Indonesia, and the United Arab Emirates. This gathering marked an essential moment for BRICS nations—an alliance originally formed by Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, now expanded to include 11 full members and 10 partner countries. Xi’s call to action comes against a backdrop of rising unilateralism and protectionist policies that threaten international trade and stability.
### A Call to Action for Multilateralism
During his speech, Xi emphasized the need for BRICS nations to unite in their defense of multilateralism. He referred to ongoing trade disputes, particularly those instigated by certain countries, which have disrupted the global economy and undermined established international trade protocols. He argued that multilateralism is not merely an option but a necessity for protecting global peace and development.
“History tells us that multilateralism is the shared aspiration of the people and the overarching trend of our times,” Xi stated. His assertion reflects a broader sentiment among emerging economies that seek to reshape the current global governance structure to be more equitable and representative of the Global South.
### The BRICS Spirit: Openness and Inclusiveness
Xi articulated a vision grounded in the principles of openness, inclusiveness, and win-win cooperation—a concept he refers to as the BRICS Spirit. He urged member countries to act collectively in the interest of mutual development and in opposition to hegemonic tendencies that prioritize the interests of a few over the many.
He called for reforms in global governance to facilitate better representation of developing nations. By enhancing the voices of Global South countries, Xi believes the international environment can achieve a more balanced and just approach to international relations.
### Economic Globalization: An Irresistible Trend
One of Xi’s main themes was the necessity of economic globalization. He insisted that no nation can prosper in isolation and that global cooperation is essential for sustainable economic growth. “No matter how the international landscape may evolve, we must stay committed to building an open global economy,” he urged.
This commitment to an open international marketplace reflects a counter-narrative to rising nationalism and trade protectionism. Xi’s emphasis on inclusive economic globalization seeks to ensure that the benefits of development are shared broadly, particularly among developing nations.
### Addressing Common Challenges
Xi’s address did not shy away from the reality of existing global challenges, including climate change, public health crises, and economic disparities. He proposed that collective action among BRICS nations is essential for effective problem-solving in these areas.
“Through solidarity and cooperation, we can address external risks and challenges more efficiently,” Xi noted. This perspective envisions a more integrated approach to global governance, encouraging cooperation in sectors such as finance, technology, and trade to bolster resilience against external pressures.
### Implementation of Initiatives
To realize these ambitious goals, Xi highlighted China’s commitment to collaborating with BRICS countries through initiatives such as the Global Development Initiative and high-quality Belt and Road cooperation. These initiatives aim to enhance connectivity and bolster economic ties among participants, fostering a more integrated economic landscape.
Moreover, he encouraged BRICS nations to leverage their unique strengths to enhance practical cooperation, ultimately resulting in tangible benefits for their populations. This collaborative spirit embodies the BRICS ideology: that joint efforts can lead to greater prosperity.
### Conclusion: A Multilateral Future
President Xi Jinping’s address at the virtual BRICS Summit reiterated the need for a robust and cooperative multilateral framework. By calling on member countries to unite against protectionism and hegemonic practices, Xi seeks to carve a path toward a more equal and inclusive global order. The principles of openness, inclusiveness, and cooperation he championed are foundational to the BRICS Spirit, serving as guiding tenets for emerging economies navigating an increasingly complex international landscape.
As multilateralism faces challenges in the current geopolitical climate, the BRICS nations hold the potential to redefine global governance norms. Their collective efforts may pave the way for a more balanced distribution of power and promote sustainable development worldwide. In this context, Xi’s call for solidarity and collaboration stands as a hopeful sign of what can be achieved when nations prioritize cooperation over division.
In a world increasingly characterized by polarization, Xi’s message resonates not only with BRICS members but also with a broader audience of countries seeking an alternative model of international relations. The future of global governance may well hinge on the success of multilateral initiatives that embrace the spirit outlined by Xi, reinforcing the idea that cooperation remains key to progress in the 21st century and beyond.
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